When gum disease has turned advanced and irreversible, periodontal surgery becomes necessary, for the reason that deep periodontal pockets may need to be opened and cleaned, loose teeth may need to be given support. In addition to that, tooth extraction or removal of a tooth may be necessary for advanced periodontitis, so that destruction will not continue to spread to adjacent teeth.

Dental plaque removal from inflamed gums may cause some discomfort. And within 1 or 2 weeks of treatment, the bleeding and tenderness of gums should be reduced. It is best to keep up careful oral hygiene to be able to maintain lifelong, healthy teeth and gums or keep disorders from reoccurring.